Shock-absorber.



L. P. HALLADAY.

SHOCK'ABSORBER. APPLlc/Tlon FILED gov. as. 1915.

- Ptented Sept. 18, 1917'.

PATENT LEWIS P. HALLADAY, OF STREATOR, ILLINOIS.

snociransoianna.

s pecication of Letters Patent. Patented Steph. 18, T917.

Application led November 15, 1915. Serial No. 61,467.

bile or motor vehicle. Another Vobject is to; provide such an auxiliaryspring suspension as will be easily and conveniently attached and renderitin proper operativecondition at all times, and such as will require nospecial arrangement or adjustment to render it operative in connectionwith the ordinary typeof motor vehicles.V l

My invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in theaccompanying drawings, wherein?- 'Figure I shows a section through anautomobile rear axle, with vparts omitted and parts broken away,'showing a three-,quarter elliptical spring in part elevation and mydevice in position thereon in part section:

Fig. 2 is a plan of the parts shown in Fig. l with parts omittedandparts broken away. Fig. 3 is a section along theA line 3 3 of Figtl andFig. 4 is aside elevation showing a modified form of my device attachedto a full elliptical spring.

F ig. 5 shows such a form attached to a semi-elliptical spring.

Like parts are vindicated by like letters throughout the severaliigures.'

A represents the motor vehicles" chassis frame. On this chassis frame.is anchored the quarter elliptical spring A1 having a scroll end` A2.This scroll end is provided atrits terminus with a spring bolt eye A?located immediately below a similar eye :A4 on the one-half ellipticalspring A5, which one-half elliptical spring is supported at anintermediate point on the axle AS. In

the ordinary automobile spring construction there will be a linkconnecting thel end of the scroll quarter spring and -the end of thehalt` elliptical spring. In my device,

however, I dispense with the link and substitute Athereforthe-'pair oitlevers as shown.'

The lever B is forked as at B1 B2, tol-lie on either side of the springbolt eye A", land ,is connected thereto by spring bolt B3.

The lever, as it extends forwardly, is made up ot a flat plate Bboundedv on either side by flanges B", and it is-these flanges whichextended, form the forks B1 B2. A rib B6 on the lower side of the platefurnishes-a bearing point on the upper surface of the spring A5,slightly behind the pivotal con 'f nection of the lever on the spring.'The purpose ofthis bearing rib is of course tosteady the lever andprevent it wabbling about its pivotal point. The arrangement of theparts is suhh that vthe lever always rests on'the rib as a ulcruin.Immediately 'beyond the point BG the iiaiiges AB5- are bent outwardlyas. indicated in Fig. 2. The plate B4 decreases in width andinally thelever terminates in a single arm' B7 having 'at its end aspring-platform B8 with a hw Bf.

Pivot lugs C depend downwardly trom the flanges B5 on'the 'lever Boneither side` of the spring Aiextending enough below it to permit a pivotconnection between the Vlugs C and a similar lever'Cl.' This lever isforked -atA 02,130' engage a spring boltv C3 which passes through theforks and th rouh ythe spring boli"l eye A3 on the end otflt e scroll.This lever -Cl also extends outwardly' and rearwardly 'to terminate in asimilar spring platform C4 with lugs C5,

the Icoil spring C6 being guided by the lugsl 'C5 and B9, and beingcompressed between the platforms BS and C4.

It will be notedthat in this arrangement,

a .downward pressure of the body and Aeo chassis is applied through thescroll spring y so that the connection between the end of the auxiliaryspring and the end of the semielliptical spring on the axle is undertension, that is to say, thetendency is for the lower end of the scrollto pull away downwardly from the semi-elliptical spring. This, ofcourse, tends to compress the coil spring CG ico owing to the resultantrotation of the levers about their mutual pivot axis.

In the modified form shown in Figv 4 we have two springs wherein thescroll is ab-' sent and the end of the spring D, which directly'supports the chassis is immediately above instead of being below thisspring A5.

In'this case the connection between the ends of the two springs is undercompression and 'so the two levers D1 D2, which are pivoted at D3. andyconncctefdgat their ends respectively 'IIO to the springs D and A, tendto rotate in an opposite direction. The pressure tends to bring the tworearward ends of these levers together and the spring D* is therefore intension as is the spring C under compression. In order to guide andposition these levers, a lug Df is provided which rests on the spring A5so that the lever D2 is as shown in Fig. l. held by the spring A5 rmlyagainst clockwise rotation about its pivot axis on the spring. Y Theweight of the parts and the load carried by the lever of Course preventsall connter-clockw-ise movement in exactly the same manner as suchmovement is prevented vin the arrangement shown in Fig. l.

In Fig. 5 the same general arrangement is shown except that in this casethe frame member 'E is carried out in place of the spring D, and thelevers are interposed'between the semi-elliptic spring and the rigidframe member E;

It lwill be evident that while I have` shown in myvdrawings an operativedevice, still many changes might be made both in size, shape andarrangement of parts without departing from the spirit of my inventionand I wish, therefore that my drawings be regarded as in a sensediagrammatic.

The use and operation of my device is as follows:

It is of course well understood that the ordinary type of flat leafspring used in automobile and'niotor vehicle suspensionhas manifestlimitations. If the Hat sprin3 is made powerful enough to carry theweight of the vehicle and protect the parts from direct road shocks, thespring becomes so powerful that it is insensitive or substantiallyinsensitive to minor shock or vibration.

In so far as these minor shocks are con? overcome the diiiiculty, butsince the full4 load must be supported by this coil spring, the vspringitself must be a comparatively rigid and heavy structure and the samedefects are found in it in a lesser degree to be sure than are found inconnection with the heavy leaf spring. t

c The levers which in my invention are interposed between the springmembers or between the spring member and the chassis frame permit theuse of a lighter, more f iexible auxiliaryspiral spring. The result isthat as a vehicle passes over a bump or obstruction, this light springfreely gives, `and the occupants of the vehicle are protected from theshock.' The two levers as provided furnish a. predetermined and prearanged anchorage for both ends of the spring. fl`his spring may be incompression or in tension, but in any event` as soon as these two levers`arepivoted together. and as Soon as one end is pivoted on the spring oron the axle, and the other is pivoted on the frame or on a` spring onthe frame, the parts are always in a certain predetermined genei'alrelation. Thel fnlcrnin rib on one of the levers where itrests on theaxle supported spring eifectually prevents Hopping about or' randommovement of the levers. They are held in` one general plane by the stiffaxle supported spring, and they are free to rock under the loads appliedto them by the weight of the body and chassis. The ratio -of the long`to the4 short lever arm is about five to one though the ratio might bedifferent and vary with the peculiarities of the vehicle or service atthe will of the operator or erector. If

it is oto l instead of having for instance af .500 pound spring. vou canuse between the lever arm ends a 100 pound spring. Such a spring is ofcourse much more flexible and much more responsive, and one greatadvantage 'of the lever arrangement is that such a spring may be used.

It will be clear that under certain circumstances, the spring betweenthe lever ends must be in compression and under other circumstances itmust be in tension.- but in any event it is proposed that these leversbe so arranged that the varying loads applied to them as the vehiclepasses over the road irregularities tend to rotate the one with respect.to the other. and the yielding means tend yieldingly to rotate theother.

I claim: n A

1. A., road vehicle having a supporting axle, a .fiat leaf springresting thereon, a lever pivoted at one end on the spring, av stopbetween the lever and the spring adjacent its end, a scroll leaf spring,a vehicle body suspended thereon, the end of the scroll being locatedimmediately beneath the end of the flat leaf spring, .a lever having itsend pivoted on the scroll, said levers being pivoted togetherimmediately adjacent the stop, and a yielding member interposed betweenthe free ends of the levers.

Q. A road vehicle having a supporting axle, a fiat leaf spring restingthereon, a lever pivoted at one end on the spring, ascroll leaf spring,a vehicle body suspended thereon, the end of the scroll being locatedimmediately' beneath the end of the flat leaf spring, a lever having itsend pivoted on the scroll, said leve-rs beingpivoted together beneaththe flat spring, and a yielding member interposed between the free endsof the levers, one lever being located above and the ing pivotedtogether immediately adjacentl the stop, and a yielding memberinterposed betweenthe free ends of the levers, and said levers being fora portion of their length interposed inline with the springs and olsetbeyond the pivotal point to bring the yielding member into a position atone Side of said springs.-

4. A road. vehicle having a supporting axle, a flat leaf spring restingthereon, a

lever pivoted at one-end on the spring, a scroll leaf spring, al vehiclebody suspended thereon, the end of the scroll beinglocated immediatelybeneath the end of the flat leaf spring, a lever having `its end pivotedon the scroll, .said levers being pivoted together beneath the atspring, and a yielding-member interposed between the free ends of thelevers, and said levers being for a portion of their lengthl interposedin line with the springs and o'set beyond the pivotal point to bring theyielding member into a position at one side of said springs, one of saidlevers being located above, the other below the Hat spring.

5. A road vehicle comprising a flat supporting spring, a lever pivotedat oneend thereon, a stop on the lever engaging and resting on the upperedge of the spring, the lever being beyond tlie'stop bent upwardly` awayfrom and outwardly to one side of the spring, lugs depending downwardlyJfrom such lever on the side of the spring below the stop, a leverpivoted in said lugs, said lever being bent outwardly to one side of thespring substantially beneathl the first lever, a yieldingmemberinterposed between the free endof said levers and a connectionbetween opposed end of said second lever and the vehicle body.

6. A road vehicle having a supported axle, a flat leaf spring restingthereon, a lever ,pivoted at one end on the spring, a stop on the leverrestingon the spring, a sec-- ond-lever pivoted on the rst alo'ng'ayline in a plane normal to the levers and containing the stop, a pivotconnection between such lever and the vehicle body, and a yieldingconnection interposed between the free ends of the lever.

In testimony whereof, I allix my signature in the presence of twowitnesses this 9th day of November, 1915.

LEV/*IS P. HALLADAY.

Witnesses:

FRED C. Bns'rIAN,l M. B. RYON.

